Syllogism

[Statement A].

[Statement B].

Therefore, [Statement C].

Forms of syllogism:

• Categorical syllogism[?]
• Disjunctive syllogism
• Hypothetical syllogism
• add list of other syllogism forms here

The Aristotle wrote the classic "Barbara" syllogism:

If all humans (B's) are mortal (A),

and all Greeks (C's) are humans (B's),

then all Greeks (C's) are mortal (A).

That is,

Men die.

Socrates is a man.

Socrates will die.

Metaphor, in contrast, resembles a form of syllogism called “Affirming the Consequent”:

Grass dies.

Men die.

Men are grass.

A Barbara syllogism involves Grammar and Logical Types; it has a subject and a predicate. Affirming the Consequent, the basis of metaphor, is grammatically symmetrical: it equates two predicates. This form of syllogism is logically invalid.

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Epagoge are weak syllogisms that rely on inductive reasoning.

See also:

• Venn diagram